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Operation al-Shabah ((英語:''Phantom''))〔 was launched in May 2013 by the Iraqi Army, with the stated aim of severing contact between al-Qaeda in Iraq and the Syrian al-Nusra Front by clearing militants from the border area with Syria and Jordan.〔 ==Background== Co-operation between the Al-Nusra Front and the Islamic State of Iraq on a larger scale began in March 2013, as the groups staged an elaborate ambush near Akashat that left 51 Syrian and 9 Iraqi soldiers dead. The ISI officially claimed responsibility a week later. In April 2013, the leader of the Islamic State of Iraq, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, released a recorded audio message on the Internet, in which he announced that Jabhat Al-Nusra was an extension of al-Qaeda in Iraq in Syria. Al-Baghdadi said that Abu Mohammad al-Golani, the leader of Jabhat Al-Nusra, had been dispatched by the group along with a group of men to Syria to meet with pre-existing cells in the country. Al-Baghdadi also said that the ISI had provided Jabhat Al-Nusra with the plans and strategy needed for the Syrian civil war and had been providing them funding on a monthly basis. Al-Baghdadi declared that the two groups were officially merging under the name "Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham."〔 The next day the leader of Al Nusra, Abu Golani, denied that any such merger exists, while reiterating that Al Qaeda and Al Nusra Front are still allies. Golani is quoted as saying "We inform you that neither the al-Nusra command nor its consultative council, nor its general manager were aware of this announcement. It reached them via the media and if the speech is authentic, we were not consulted." In May 2013, a video was released on the Internet showing masked men publicly execute three captured Alawite officers in the eastern town of Ar-Raqqah, the men identified themselves as being members of the Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham.〔 In the same month, Reuters reported that the leader of the Islamic State of Iraq, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, had traveled from Iraq to Syria's Aleppo Governorate province and began attempting to take over the leadership of al-Nusra. There were media reports that the group had suffered a split, with many of al-Nusra's foreign fighters operating under the banner of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, and many Syrian Nusra fighters leaving the group to join other Islamist brigades. In early June, reports emerged from the rebel-held Syrian city of Raqqah of Islamist fighters setting up "complaint bureaus", where anyone accused of crimes could be held accountable in front of a Sharia court. The notice was signed by the "Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham", al-Sham being a popular term for Syria and Lebanon.〔(Al-Qaeda sets up complaints department ) (The Telegraph)〕 As the Iraqi Army operation was taking place, al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri issued an official statement on June 9, ruling against the merger of the two groups and appointing a local Syrian commander named Abu Khaled al-Soury as an emissary "to oversee the implementation of the accord". It was not immediately clear if ISI leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi would accept the ruling and what effect it would have on the ground.〔(Qaeda chief arbitrates Syria’s 'jihad crisis' ) (Al Jazeera)〕 On June 15, an audio message purported to be by al-Baghdadi was released online, in which he insisted the merger will continue as planned, despite the order by al-Zawahiri. Intelligence analysts described the move as "a potentially very damaging split within al-Qaeda's senior leadership." 〔(Al-Qaida's Iraq head defies boss over Syria fight ) Yahoo! News via Reuters〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Operation al-Shabah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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